NASA has completed the first laser link with an orbiting laser relay system, marking a significant advance in space communications technology.
A successful demonstration of two-way laser communications between laser terminals in different orbits on December 5th could provide the basis for high-speed communications between Earth and the Moon and beyond.
The experiment took years to prepare. The Integrated LCRD Low Earth Orbit User Modem and Amplifier Terminal (ILLUMA-T) payload is international space station (ISS) Flight aboard SpaceX on November 9th falcon 9 Rocket as part of NASA 29th Commercial Supply Service Mission.
After installation at the Japanese Experiment Module exposure facility, engineers conducted tests to confirm ILLUMA-T’s functionality. They then communicated using ILLUMA-T. NASA’s Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) satellite launched in 2021 and operating in the sky geostationary orbit.
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The ISS orbits approximately 230 to 275 miles (370 to 460 km) above the Earth, while the LCRD orbits 22,236 miles (35,786 km) above the equator. This gap allows long-range laser communication tests.
Laser communications, also known as optical communications, uses infrared light rather than traditional radio waves to send and receive signals. Lasers’ infrared wavelengths are very short and can transmit more information with each transmission compared to radio’s longer wavelengths.
Challenges include precisely aligning the transmitter and receiver, and making the components small, lightweight, and power efficient enough to be used in space.
ILLUMA-T and LCRD are part of NASA’s Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) program. According to NASA, the use of laser communications can greatly improve the efficiency of data transfer and accelerate the pace of scientific discovery. statement.
“Laser communications not only return more data from science missions, but serve as a critical two-way link for NASA to help astronauts stay connected to Earth as they explore the Moon, Mars, and more. “It’s possible,” said SCaN Director Dr. Jason Mitchell. Advanced Communication and Navigation Technology Division.
“We are currently conducting operational demonstrations and experiments that will allow us to optimize our proven technologies for the mission and maximize exploration and science,” said David Israel, NASA Space Communications and Navigation Architect. “There is,” he added.